An archipelago of over 17,000 islands, Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world, home to the largest Muslim population on Earth and a destination so vast that it can’t possibly be explored in only one or two brief trips. Volcanoes are responsible for the islands’ vibrant biodiversity, forming dramatic landscapes covered with an abundance of rice paddies and lakes, national parks and jungles, temples and mosques. Ethnically, Indonesia is highly diverse, with a rich history of sophisticated kingdoms and complex political struggles.